1. Web Applications
A web application is software that runs through a web browser. It can be used for email, online documents, forms, shopping, learning, banking, and communication.
Unlike traditional desktop software, many web applications can be used from different devices if the user has an internet connection and valid account access.
2. Online Services
- E-learning: Lessons, quizzes, videos, and study material.
- E-commerce: Buying and selling products online.
- E-banking: Checking accounts and making digital payments.
- E-governance: Accessing public services through websites and apps.
- Cloud storage: Saving files online for access from multiple devices.
3. Online Collaboration
Online collaboration allows people to work together even when they are in different places. Shared documents, video meetings, class groups, and task boards are common examples.
Good collaboration requires clear communication, respectful comments, version control, and attention to privacy.
4. Need for Security
Security protects devices, data, accounts, and users. Without security, personal information can be stolen, files can be damaged, and accounts can be misused.
5. Common Cyber Threats
| Threat | Meaning | Protection |
|---|---|---|
| Phishing | Fake message or website asking for private details | Check sender and URL carefully |
| Malware | Harmful software | Use trusted downloads and antivirus |
| Weak Password | Easy-to-guess account key | Use strong unique passwords |
| Public Wi-Fi Risk | Unsafe network access | Avoid sensitive work on unknown networks |
6. Safe Browsing
- Use websites with clear and trusted addresses.
- Do not click suspicious links.
- Do not download unknown files.
- Log out from shared devices.
- Keep browser and security software updated.
- Think before sharing personal information.
7. Passwords and Privacy
A strong password should be unique and difficult to guess. Do not use a name, date of birth, phone number, or common word as a password.
Privacy means controlling who can access your information. Share only what is necessary and use account settings carefully.
8. Workplace Safety
Digital safety also includes physical safety while using computers. Sit with correct posture, keep cables arranged safely, avoid food near devices, and take short breaks during long work sessions.
9. Revision Questions
1. What is a web application?
A web application is software used through a web browser.
2. What is phishing?
Phishing is a trick using fake messages or websites to steal private information.
3. Name two safe browsing habits.
Check website addresses and avoid suspicious downloads.
4. Why is workplace safety important?
It prevents physical strain, accidents, and damage to equipment.